Psychological and Physical Experiences of Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis: A Phenomenology at a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana

Background and Aim: Chronic Kidney Disease is a serious public health concern globally; however, it hits hard in resources constraint countries where health infrastructure is inadequate. Ghana’s prevalence is 13.3%, amidst poor access to life-saving interventions such as hemodialysis. Yet, less is known about the experiences of people seeking haemodialysis therapy in Northern Ghana. The authors sought to explore the experiences of people seeking hemodialysis therapy at a tertiary hospital in Ghana. Methods: A descriptive phenomenological study was conducted among patients under-going hemodialysis at Tamale Teaching Hospital. Purposive sample was used to recruit 17 participants. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide until data saturation was reached or achieved from March to April 2024 which was achieved at the 17th participant using purposive sampling approach from March to April, 2024. Data were analysed concurrently with data collection using the Collaizi 7 steps approach. Ethical considerations and trustworthiness were enhanced throughout the study. Results: Analysis revealed two themes and five sub-themes emerged. Patients faced a) psychological concerns, bordering on: 1) mental health struggles, 2) spirituality and existential questions and 3) acceptance and adaptation, and b) physical changes and challenges, encompassing: 1) changes in physical appearance and health outcomes, and 2) impact on daily life and activities. Conclusions: People living with chronic kidney diseases, undergoing haemodialysis, face varied physical and psychological challenges. Navigating these problems requires support from family and health care professionals. Governmental policies towards alleviating the burden of care are paramount.