Management of Osteoporotic Disease in Dentistry

The osteoporosis is a disease characterized by a low osseous mass and a deterioration of the architecture of the bone, leading to an increased osseous brittleness and an increased risk of fracture, whose incidence increases with the age. Approximately 40% of women aged 50 years or older are at risk of at least an osteoporotic fracture. The frequency of these fractures is in constant increase, primarily because of the continuous aging of the population. One can from now on precociously identify the disease thanks to the osteodensitometry, which measures the osseous mineral density. The age and the menopause are the two principal determinants of the osseous loss. The factors of risk are mainly the family antecedents and the oestrogenic deficiency. The purpose of the preventive treatments of the osteoporosis is to prevent the osseous loss by slowing down the osseous replanning, which accelerates after the menopause. The curative treatments seek to increase the osseous mass and to prevent new fractures without deteriorating the quality of the bone. The dentist must take into account the existence of an osseous pathology that affects fabrics of support of the tooth and the resistance of the jawbones. The disease prevention of the oral loss of osseous tissue passes by the maintenance of the dental bodies, which requires measurements aiming at eliminating the carouses and periodontal affections (mainly reductions in the sugar consumption and the elimination of the dental plaque). The treatment will be a complete restoration of teeth: 1) Descaling known and under gingival: Will have to be accompanied by a perfect cleaning of the root in order to avoid any bacterial proliferation? Correction of the badly positioned teeth. 2) Correction of the badly adjusted caps and the overflowing restorations. 3) Suppression of the trauma occlusal. 4) Maintenance by means of application of the mobile teeth. 5) Regular maintenance. 6) Extractions atromatic. 7) Regularization of peak to the tiniest possible to preserve its capital osseous present. 8) Well-adapted and controlled prostheses.