Climate Change Policies of Bangladesh: A Review

This comprehensive review delves into Bangladesh’s evolving response to escalating climate change impacts from the Initial National Communication (INC) report in 2002 to the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) in 2023. Leveraging a Policy Cycle Analysis framework, the study examines key national initiatives, highlighting the nation’s profound vulnerability and the policies driven by a complex interplay of international commitments, scientific research, and pressing sustainable development goals. While acknowledging proactive measures, the review critically identifies and substantiates significant policy gaps, particularly concerning data accuracy in emission inventories, the inclusivity and equitable distribution of adaptation strategies, and the imperative for targeted technological advancements. The analysis is bolstered by empirical evidence detailing, for example, misallocation of funds, data shortfalls in agricultural adaptation, limited reach of climate finance to vulnerable groups, and systemic weaknesses in monitoring and coordination across various policies. This paper underscores the multifaceted nature of climate change challenges, emphasizing the ongoing need for dynamic adaptation, enhanced collaboration, and continuous innovation. The conclusion stresses the urgency for impactful, evidence-based policies in the face of rising sea levels and extreme weather events, commending Bangladesh’s commitment to a safe, climate-resilient future. Advocating for continuous policy evolution guided by lessons learned and informed by robust data, this review serves as a succinct overview, acknowledging achievements and underscoring the imperative of ongoing, nuanced efforts in the rapidly changing climate landscape.