Rentabilidad y competitividad de los sistemas de producción de vainilla (Vanilla planifolia J.) en la región del Totonacapan, México

the production of vanilla (vanilla planifolia j.) is an activity of economic and cultural importance in méxico; therefore the objective of this study was to evaluate the profitability and competitiveness of the vanilla production systems under orange trees and mesh shade in the region of totonacapan puebla-veracruz, méxico, with the policy analysis matrix (pam). productive-technical information required for each production system was obtained through 99 structured interviews with growers using simple random sampling with a reliability of 95 %. the analysis of the results suggests that the macroeconomic policy measures such as the overvaluation of the exchange rate and the high interest rate have a negative impact on the production systems studied. an effective protection coefficient (cpe) of 0.90 and 0.77 shows a lack of protection for the systems under orange trees and shade mesh at the expense of profitability. the vanilla production system under orange trees, with a private cost ratio (pcr) of 0.79 and a domestic resource cost ratio (drc) of 0.26 calculated based on economic prices, showed competitiveness (private profitability) and economic efficiency (comparative advantage) as opposed to mesh shade production system whose indicators were 1.95 and -0.24, indicating it is not profitable, nor economically efficient.